我将创建一个具有动态背景图切换功能的页面,背景图在滚动时保持固定,同时提供多种方式切换背景图。
background-attachment: fixed实现背景固定<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>动态背景图切换</title>
<style>
* {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
body {
font-family: 'Segoe UI', Tahoma, Geneva, Verdana, sans-serif;
line-height: 1.6;
color: #333;
background-image: url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1506744038136-46273834b3fb');
background-size: cover;
background-position: center;
background-attachment: fixed;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
transition: background-image 1.5s ease-in-out;
}
.container {
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem;
}
.content {
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
border-radius: 10px;
padding: 2rem;
box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
h1 {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
color: #2c3e50;
font-size: 2.5rem;
}
p {
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
font-size: 1.1rem;
}
.section {
margin-bottom: 3rem;
}
.section-title {
border-bottom: 2px solid #3498db;
padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
color: #2c3e50;
}
.controls {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 1rem;
margin: 2rem 0;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.btn {
padding: 0.8rem 1.5rem;
background-color: #3498db;
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 1rem;
transition: background-color 0.3s;
}
.btn:hover {
background-color: #2980b9;
}
.btn.active {
background-color: #2c3e50;
}
.image-placeholder {
height: 300px;
background-color: #ecf0f1;
border-radius: 5px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
color: #7f8c8d;
font-style: italic;
}
.quote {
font-style: italic;
padding: 1.5rem;
background-color: #f8f9fa;
border-left: 4px solid #3498db;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
footer {
text-align: center;
padding: 2rem;
background-color: rgba(44, 62, 80, 0.9);
color: white;
margin-top: 3rem;
}
.current-bg {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: #2c3e50;
background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 5px;
display: inline-block;
margin: 0 auto 1rem;
}
.bg-selector {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.bg-thumb {
width: 80px;
height: 60px;
border-radius: 5px;
cursor: pointer;
border: 3px solid transparent;
transition: border 0.3s;
object-fit: cover;
}
.bg-thumb.active {
border: 3px solid #3498db;
}
.auto-controls {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
gap: 1rem;
margin: 1rem 0;
}
.auto-toggle {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.switch {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
width: 50px;
height: 24px;
}
.switch input {
opacity: 0;
width: 0;
height: 0;
}
.slider {
position: absolute;
cursor: pointer;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
background-color: #ccc;
transition: .4s;
border-radius: 24px;
}
.slider:before {
position: absolute;
content: "";
height: 16px;
width: 16px;
left: 4px;
bottom: 4px;
background-color: white;
transition: .4s;
border-radius: 50%;
}
input:checked + .slider {
background-color: #3498db;
}
input:checked + .slider:before {
transform: translateX(26px);
}
.keyboard-hint {
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: #7f8c8d;
margin-top: 1rem;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="content">
<h1>动态背景图切换</h1>
<div class="current-bg">当前背景:山脉湖泊</div>
<div class="bg-selector">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1506744038136-46273834b3fb" alt="山脉湖泊" class="bg-thumb active" data-bg="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1506744038136-46273834b3fb" data-name="山脉湖泊">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1501785888041-af3ef285b470" alt="海滩日落" class="bg-thumb" data-bg="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1501785888041-af3ef285b470" data-name="海滩日落">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1441974231531-c6227db76b6e" alt="森林" class="bg-thumb" data-bg="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1441974231531-c6227db76b6e" data-name="森林">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1470071459604-3b5ec3a7fe05" alt="山脉云雾" class="bg-thumb" data-bg="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1470071459604-3b5ec3a7fe05" data-name="山脉云雾">
<img src="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1426604966848-d7adac402bff" alt="田野" class="bg-thumb" data-bg="https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1426604966848-d7adac402bff" data-name="田野">
</div>
<div class="controls">
<button class="btn" id="prevBtn">上一个</button>
<button class="btn" id="nextBtn">下一个</button>
<button class="btn" id="randomBtn">随机背景</button>
</div>
<div class="auto-controls">
<div class="auto-toggle">
<span>自动切换:</span>
<label class="switch">
<input type="checkbox" id="autoToggle">
<span class="slider"></span>
</label>
</div>
<div>
<label for="interval">间隔(秒):</label>
<select id="interval">
<option value="3">3</option>
<option value="5" selected>5</option>
<option value="8">8</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
</select>
</div>
</div>
<div class="keyboard-hint">提示:使用键盘左右箭头键也可以切换背景</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">动态背景图效果</h2>
<p>这个页面展示了动态切换背景图的效果。当你向下滚动页面时,背景图像保持不动,只有内容区域在滚动。</p>
<p>你可以通过多种方式切换背景图:点击缩略图、使用按钮、开启自动切换或使用键盘左右箭头键。</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">美丽的风景</h2>
<p>背景图展示了一片宁静的山脉和湖泊,象征着自然之美。无论我们如何忙碌,都应该偶尔停下来欣赏周围的风景。</p>
<div class="image-placeholder">内容图片占位区</div>
<p>大自然总是能给我们带来平静和灵感。在忙碌的现代生活中,我们常常忘记停下来感受周围的世界。</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">技术实现</h2>
<p>这个效果通过JavaScript动态修改body元素的<code>background-image</code>属性实现。</p>
<div class="quote">
"好的设计是显而易见的,而优秀的设计是透明的。" - Joel Spolsky
</div>
<p>通过固定背景图,设计师可以确保关键视觉元素始终可见,同时不影响内容的可读性和可访问性。</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<h2 class="section-title">更多内容</h2>
<p>继续向下滚动,体验固定背景图的效果。注意背景图像如何保持不动,而内容区域在滚动。</p>
<div class="image-placeholder">另一个内容图片占位区</div>
<p>这种设计技术可以应用于各种类型的网站,从个人博客到企业网站,都能增强视觉吸引力。</p>
<p>无论你是网页设计新手还是经验丰富的开发者,掌握固定背景图技术都能提升你的设计工具箱。</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer>
<p>动态背景图切换演示 © 2023</p>
</footer>
<script>
// 背景图数据
const backgrounds = [
{
url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1506744038136-46273834b3fb',
name: '山脉湖泊'
},
{
url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1501785888041-af3ef285b470',
name: '海滩日落'
},
{
url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1441974231531-c6227db76b6e',
name: '森林'
},
{
url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1470071459604-3b5ec3a7fe05',
name: '山脉云雾'
},
{
url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1426604966848-d7adac402bff',
name: '田野'
}
];
// DOM元素
const body = document.body;
const currentBgElement = document.querySelector('.current-bg');
const bgThumbs = document.querySelectorAll('.bg-thumb');
const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prevBtn');
const nextBtn = document.getElementById('nextBtn');
const randomBtn = document.getElementById('randomBtn');
const autoToggle = document.getElementById('autoToggle');
const intervalSelect = document.getElementById('interval');
// 当前背景索引
let currentIndex = 0;
let autoChangeInterval;
// 更新背景图
function updateBackground(index) {
// 更新当前索引
currentIndex = index;
// 更新背景图
body.style.backgroundImage = `url('${backgrounds[index].url}')`;
// 更新当前背景显示
currentBgElement.textContent = `当前背景:${backgrounds[index].name}`;
// 更新缩略图激活状态
bgThumbs.forEach((thumb, i) => {
if (i === index) {
thumb.classList.add('active');
} else {
thumb.classList.remove('active');
}
});
}
// 下一个背景
function nextBackground() {
let nextIndex = currentIndex + 1;
if (nextIndex >= backgrounds.length) {
nextIndex = 0;
}
updateBackground(nextIndex);
}
// 上一个背景
function prevBackground() {
let prevIndex = currentIndex - 1;
if (prevIndex < 0) {
prevIndex = backgrounds.length - 1;
}
updateBackground(prevIndex);
}
// 随机背景
function randomBackground() {
let randomIndex;
do {
randomIndex = Math.floor(Math.random() * backgrounds.length);
} while (randomIndex === currentIndex && backgrounds.length > 1);
updateBackground(randomIndex);
}
// 开始自动切换
function startAutoChange() {
const interval = parseInt(intervalSelect.value) * 1000;
autoChangeInterval = setInterval(nextBackground, interval);
}
// 停止自动切换
function stopAutoChange() {
clearInterval(autoChangeInterval);
}
// 事件监听
// 缩略图点击
bgThumbs.forEach((thumb, index) => {
thumb.addEventListener('click', () => {
updateBackground(index);
});
});
// 按钮点击
prevBtn.addEventListener('click', prevBackground);
nextBtn.addEventListener('click', nextBackground);
randomBtn.addEventListener('click', randomBackground);
// 自动切换开关
autoToggle.addEventListener('change', function() {
if (this.checked) {
startAutoChange();
} else {
stopAutoChange();
}
});
// 间隔时间改变
intervalSelect.addEventListener('change', function() {
if (autoToggle.checked) {
stopAutoChange();
startAutoChange();
}
});
// 键盘控制
document.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') {
prevBackground();
} else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') {
nextBackground();
}
});
// 初始化
updateBackground(0);
</script>
</body>
</html>
固定背景效果:使用background-attachment: fixed实现背景固定
多种切换方式:
用户体验优化:
响应式设计:适配不同屏幕尺寸
这个页面不仅实现了固定背景效果,还提供了丰富的交互方式让用户可以自由切换背景图,增强了用户体验。